EFEITOS DO CANABIDIOL NA FREQUÊNCIA DAS CRISES EPILÉPTICAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Introduction: Cannabis has been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years, but studies have only recently been made on the medical applicability of the various compounds in the plant. Objective: To establish the safety and efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) in reducing the frequency of epileptic seizures when used as monotherapy or in combination therapy in patients with difficult to control epilepsy. Methods: The present study is a systematic review elaborated according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis protocol (PRISMA-P). We searched the PubMed, SciELO and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde databases, and the articles were independently selected by two reviewers in three stages: triage by title, by abstract and by reading the article in full. We collected objective data about the individuals studied, their diagnoses, type of seizure, frequency of seizures before and after treatment with CBD, methods applied and main results. All articles were examined for their methodological quality through the Consolidated Standard of Reporting Trial scale (CONSORT). Results: Six articles were included in this review. 3 were double-blind controlled clinical trials and 3 were experimental uncontrolled studies in humans. All studies showed an improvement in the frequency of seizures following CBD, with a percentage reduction ranging from 43.9% to total seizure control. The most common adverse effects were somnolence, decreased appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, behavioral changes, and dizziness. Conclusions: The therapeutic use of cannabidiol has been associated with a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures, as well as an overall improvement in the quality of life in individuals with refractory epilepsy. However, further randomized double-blind controlled trials are still required for internal and external validation.

EFEITOS DO CANABIDIOL NA FREQUÊNCIA DAS CRISES EPILÉPTICAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA